Read More
Date: 3-7-2019
1676
Date: 8-10-2018
1543
Date: 18-9-2018
2663
|
Many organic compounds found in nature contain rings of carbon atoms. These compounds are known as cycloalkanes. Cycloalkanes have one or more rings of carbon atoms. Cycloalkanes only contain carbon-hydrogen bonds and carbon-carbon single bonds. The simplest examples of this class consist of a single, un-substituted carbon ring, and these form a homologous series similar to the unbranched alkanes.
Like alkanes, cycloalkane molecules are often drawn as skeletal structures in which each intersection between two lines is assumed to have a carbon atom with its corresponding number of hydrogens. Cyclohexane, one of the most common cycloalkanes is shown below as an example.
same as same as
Cyclic hydrocarbons have the prefix "cyclo-". The IUPAC names, molecular formulas, and skeleton structures of the first ten cycloalkanes are given in Table 1.1. Note that the general formula for a cycloalkane composed of n carbons is CnH2n, and not CnH2n+2 as for alkanes. Although a cycloalkane has two fewer hydrogens than the equivalent alkane, each carbon is bonded to four other atoms so are still considered to be saturated with hydrogen.
Table 1.1: Examples of Simple Cycloalkanes | ||
---|---|---|
Cycloalkane | Molecular Formula | Skeleton Structure |
Cyclopropane | C3H6 | |
Cyclobutane | C4H8 | |
Cyclopentane | C5H10 | |
Cyclohexane | C6H12 | |
Cycloheptane | C7H14 | |
Cyclooctane | C8H16 | |
Cyclononane | C9H18 | |
Cyclodecane | C10H20 |
|
|
علامات بسيطة في جسدك قد تنذر بمرض "قاتل"
|
|
|
|
|
أول صور ثلاثية الأبعاد للغدة الزعترية البشرية
|
|
|
|
|
قسم الشؤون الفكرية والثقافية يجري اختبارات مسابقة حفظ دعاء أهل الثغور
|
|
|