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Date: 23-1-2020
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Date: 30-10-2019
1925
Date: 18-11-2019
1922
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Esters can be cleaved back into a carboxylic acid and an alcohol by reaction with water and a base. The reaction is called a saponification from the Latin sapo which means soap. The name comes from the fact that soap used to me made by the ester hydrolysis of fats. Due to the basic conditions a carboxylate ion is made rather than a carboxylic acid.
1) Nucleophilic attack by hydroxide
2) Leaving group removal
3) Deprotonation
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علامات بسيطة في جسدك قد تنذر بمرض "قاتل"
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أول صور ثلاثية الأبعاد للغدة الزعترية البشرية
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العتبة الحسينية تطلق فعاليات المخيم القرآني الثالث في جامعة البصرة
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