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Date: 10-1-2017
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Date: 25-12-2016
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Date: 9-1-2017
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In (THE ALGEBRA OF SETS), the algebra of sets was developed primarily as a means of introducing in an intuitive way the idea of a Boolean algebra. The applications of this algebra to "practical" problems was somewhat limited, and many of this type of problem were later solved with the algebra of logic. It might appear, then, that the algebra of sets has little to offer in its own right other than that it nicely illustrates the basic concepts of Boolean algebra. This could not be further from the truth. This chapter has been included in part to demonstrate the vital role played by the algebra of sets in mathematics.
There are many students who have been introduced to the subject of probability in elementary courses in such a way as to encourage the notion that probability is highly intuitive and not very precise from a mathematical standpoint. Working problems in probability often becomes little more than out-guessing the teacher. It is hoped that this brief introduction will clarify the notions of probability, event, and sample space, at least in the finite case. The finite case is sufficiently general to solve many problems arising in situations familiar to the student. For other cases and more involved problems, the reader is referred to the more extensive treatments listed in the bibliography.
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5 علامات تحذيرية قد تدل على "مشكل خطير" في الكبد
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تستخدم لأول مرة... مستشفى الإمام زين العابدين (ع) التابع للعتبة الحسينية يعتمد تقنيات حديثة في تثبيت الكسور المعقدة
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