المرجع الالكتروني للمعلوماتية
المرجع الألكتروني للمعلوماتية

English Language
عدد المواضيع في هذا القسم 6142 موضوعاً
Grammar
Linguistics
Reading Comprehension

Untitled Document
أبحث عن شيء أخر المرجع الالكتروني للمعلوماتية
احكام الاسارى
2024-11-24
الخرشوف Artichoke (من الزراعة الى الحصاد)
2024-11-24
ميعاد زراعة الجزر
2024-11-24
أثر التأثير الاسترجاعي على المناخ The Effects of Feedback on Climate
2024-11-24
عمليات الخدمة اللازمة للجزر
2024-11-24
العوامل الجوية المناسبة لزراعة الجزر
2024-11-24


Constraints on the onset: /j/ and /w/  
  
615   03:13 مساءً   date: 2024-04-06
Author : Hubert Devonish and Otelemate G. Harry
Book or Source : A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
Page and Part : 475-27


Read More
Date: 2024-06-01 609
Date: 24-3-2022 768
Date: 2024-02-19 580

Constraints on the onset: /j/ and /w/

The ambiguity in JamC in assigning [t] and [d] to either /tj/ and /dj/ or /t/ and /d/ manifests itself in the process of conversion into JamE. For some JamE speakers but not others, phonetic [tj] and [dj] clusters occur. For some of these speakers, these phonetic forms are the only ones allowed in certain environments. They also occur for such speakers in [tjuu] ‘chew’ and [djunjo] ‘junior’. Such speakers, in these environments, have [tj] and [dj] allophones for the phonemes, /t/ and /d/. A second group would employ [tj] and [dj] respectively in items such as [tjuuzde] ‘Tuesday’ and [djuu] ‘dew’ whilst using the phones [t] and [d] for [tuu] ‘chew’ and [dunjo] ‘junior’. Here, the [tj] and [dj] represent syllable initial phoneme sequences, /tj/ and /dj/ which contrast with [t] and [d] as phonetic manifestations of /tj/ and /dj/. Finally, there are speakers for whom [tj] and [dj] are not employed and for whom, in both sets of items, the only forms possible are [t] and [d]. The JamE system of such speakers is like that of JamC.

 

In the case of /w/ in the onset, /pw/ and /bw/ vary with /p/ and /b/ in ‘oi’ and ‘oy’ words, e.g. /spwɔil/ ~ /spɔil/ ‘spoil’, /bwɔi/ ~ /bɔi/  ‘boy’. Even though the /pw/ and /bw/ clusters represent a carry-over from a JamC representation, the feature which is taken to diagnose use of JamE rather than JamC is /ɔi/. In this context, the JamC type /w/ occurs as a relatively unnoticed and redundant variant feature.