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Date: 9-7-2020
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Date: 1-1-2017
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Date: 24-6-2019
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We have just seen that the bonding molecular orbital is lower energy and promotes the formation of a covalent bond, while the antibonding molecular orbital is higher energy with a node of zero electron density between the atoms that destabilizes the formation of a covalent bond. We can evaluate the strength of a covalent bond by determining its bond order.
Bond order = 1/2 (# of electrons in bonding MOs – # of electrons in antibonding MOs)
Bond-order values can be whole numbers, fractions, or zero. These values correspond to the valence bond model, so a bond order of 1 is equal to a single bond, and 2 is equal to a double bond. A value of zero means that there is no bond present, and the atoms exist separately.
Example 1: Determine the bond order of the hydrogen molecule.
Solution
Bond order = 1/2 (# of electrons in bonding MOs – # of electrons in antibonding MOs)
Bond order = 1/2 (2 – 0) = 1
Therefore there is a single bond in the hydrogen molecule.
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دراسة: عدم ترتيب الغرفة قد يدل على مشاكل نفسية
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علماء: تغير المناخ تسبب في ارتفاع الحرارة خلال موسم الحج
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العتبة العباسية تطلق المؤتمر العلمي لأسبوع الإمامة باللغة الإنجليزية
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