الوضع الليلي
12:16:26 
2026-10-05 
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The opening verses of Surah al-Barāʾa or al-Tawba (9) were revealed to the Prophet (s) towards the conclusion of the year 9/631. God commanded him to proclaim these verses to the polytheistic community during the Hajj season of the same year. Initially, the Prophet (s) entrusted Abū Bakr with the responsibility of commanding the Hajj pilgrimage and proclaiming these verses. However, shortly thereafter, he called upon ʿAli (a) and instructed him to replace Abū Bakr in delivering the message of the verses. Amīr al-Muʾminīn (a), caught up with Abū Bakr in al-Juḥfa and conveyed the Prophet’s message to him. He then personally took on the responsibility of proclaiming the verses. Following this incident, Abū Bakr returned to the Prophet (s) with apprehension and anxiety, asking, “O Messenger of God, has any verse been revealed concerning me?” The Prophet (s) responded, “No, but Gabriel came to me and conveyed, ‘Your message must be delivered by either yourself or a man from you’.” In the afternoon of Eid al-Adha, ʿAli (a) arrived in Mecca, identifying himself as a representative of the Prophet (s), and proceeded to deliver the verses to those in attendance.
While the majority of historical sources tend to portray Abū Bakr as still being the commander of the Hajj pilgrimage and ʿAli b. Abī Ṭālib (a) solely as a messenger for conveying the verses, there are some accounts that indicate Amīr al-Muʾminīn (a) was also entrusted with the leadership of the Hajj pilgrimage. According to a particular account, when the Prophet (s) sent ʿAli (a) to intercept Abū Bakr, he instructed him, saying, “Catch up with him and then tell Abū Bakr to come back to me.”
The act of conveying the verses of Surah al-Barāʾa is regarded as a significant virtue of Imam ʿAli (a) in both Shiite and Sunni sources. Moreover, the event is documented in numerous sources as a frequently transmitted narration. During his debates with other companions of the Prophet (s) regarding the caliphate or succession after the Prophet (s), ʿAli (a) invoked this event as evidence of his superiority.
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