الوضع الليلي
1:15:53 
2026-10-01 
76
During Rajab 9/October-November 630, the Prophet (s) received intelligence regarding the military situation involving the Roman king. This prompted him to make the strategic decision to confront them in Tabuk, located at the border of the Roman Empire. Amid concerns regarding the hypocrites who had chosen to remain in Medina, abstaining from joining the expedition to Tabuk, the Prophet (s) summoned Ali (a) and said: “Either you stay [in Medina], or I stay.” Consequently, he appointed Amīr al Muʾminīn (a) in his place in Medina. Meanwhile, the hypocrites started making sarcastic remarks, suggesting that the Prophet (s) found Ali’s presence burdensome and deliberately left him behind to relieve himself of the burden.
Upon hearing these sarcastic comments, and perhaps to dispel any unfounded rumors, Ali (a) promptly departed from the city to reunite with Muhammad (s). He caught up with the Prophet (s) in al-Jurf and relayed to him the false information spread by the hypocrites. Refuting those allegations, the Prophet (s) reassured Ali (a), saying, “Would you not desire a position with me similar to the position of Aaron with Moses, with the exception that there will be no Prophet after me?”5 According to some hadiths, the Prophet (s) subsequently told Ali (a): “you are my successor among all believers after me.” This statement by the Prophet (s), directed towards Ali (a), is commonly referred to as “Hadith al-Manzila” (lit. “Hadith of the Status”).
A comprehensive examination of hadith sources reveals that the Hadith of the Position was not only conveyed by the Prophet (s) during the Battle of Tabuk but also on various other occasions. According to a hadith transmitted from Imam al-Sadiq (a), the Prophet (s) reiterated this statement to Ali (a) on ten separate instances. According to some reports, this hadith was reiterated during events such as the Day of Warning (Yawm al-Indhār), the Brotherhood Covenant, the event of Closing the Doors (Sadd al Abwāb), the Conquest of Khaybar, the selection of a guardian for the daughter of Hamza b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib in 7/629, as well as in an address to Umm Salama and in praise of Ali b. Abī Ṭālib (a). ʿAllāma Shaykh Muḥammad Riḍā Jaʿfarī (d. 2010) thoroughly examines the chains of transmission of this hadith, presents evidence for its frequent transmission (tawātur), and elaborates on the underlying concepts within this hadith. Furthermore, he contends that the hadith signifies the exalted position of Amīr al-Muʾminīn (a) and provides compelling evidence for his rightful claim to guardianship and caliphate following the passing of the Prophet (s).
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