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Bromide

المؤلف:  Sue Jickells , Adam Negrusz (Editors)

المصدر:  Clarkes Analytical Forensic Toxicology

الجزء والصفحة:  111

2026-09-24

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Bromide

Bromide salts (e.g. of ammonium, potassium and sodium) were first introduced into medicine in the 19th century and were used extensively as anticonvulsants and sedatives. However, with the exception of organic bromides such as carbromal (a sedative), their use is now limited. Methyl bromide (a fumigant) releases bromide ion as a metabolite. Absorption of bromide ion takes place rapidly from the stomach and proximal small intestines by passive diffusion. Bromide ions behave like chloride ions and are distributed mainly in extracellular fluid. The most important in ation half-life is relatively long, being of the order of 10 days after acute dosing, or several weeks following the cessation of chronic intake, particularly in cases of bromide intoxication. Bromide poisoning may cause neurological symptoms (e.g. tremor, ataxia, autonomic disturbance, cognitive impairment) and clinical diagnosis can be difficult if the use of bromide salts is not suspected. ‘Normal’ reference values for bromide are <5 mg/L in plasma. Concentrations in cases of bromide intoxication show markedly elevated levels in excess of 1000 mg/L. ‘Thera peutic’ concentrations in adult epileptics are of the order of 750–1000 mg/L.