Grammar
Tenses
Present
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Past
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Nouns definition
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Definition Of Nouns
Verbs
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Pre Position
Preposition by function
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Reason preposition
Possession preposition
Place preposition
Phrases preposition
Origin preposition
Measure preposition
Direction preposition
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Agent preposition
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Double preposition
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Express calling interjection
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Preference
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Be used to
Some and any
Could have done
Describing people
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Possession
Comparative and superlative
Giving Reason
Making Suggestions
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Forming questions
Since and for
Directions
Obligation
Adverbials
invitation
Articles
Imaginary condition
Zero conditional
First conditional
Second conditional
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Reported speech
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pragmatics
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Vowel systems DRESS
المؤلف:
Norval Smith and Vinije Haabo
المصدر:
A Handbook Of Varieties Of English Phonology
الجزء والصفحة:
531-31
2024-04-15
938
+
-
20
Vowel systems DRESS
DRESS words with ME /ě/ , and to some extent /ε:/, are represented in Suriname creoles by English words like neck, bed, egg, bread, dead, head, any, bury, ready, etc. The /ε:/ words are generally spelt ea. The normal representation of these differs in the various languages, although the phonemic symbol /e/ is traditionally used in all of them. In Sranan /e/ is usually 
for instance. In Ndyuka /e/ is normally [e ~ ε], and in Saramaccan /e,ε/ are usually [e,ε] respectively. /ε/ is employed largely in Saramaccan in these words in combination with an anaptyctic vowel /-ε/.
Table 3. The DRESS set
A number of words that belong to this incidence set in RP and AmE have different realizations in the Suriname creoles.
Smith (1987) states: “According to Dobson (1957) raising of /e/ to /i/ is a fairly common process in the fifteenth or sixteenth century in the South-east. In the seventeenth century ships’ logs we find frequent examples of this raising, e.g. chists ‘chests’. Matthews (1938) provides many examples from Cockney including chistes (1553).”
الاكثر قراءة في Phonology
اخر الاخبار
اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة
الآخبار الصحية
مواضيع ذات صلة
(نوافذ).. إصدار أدبي يوثق القصص الفائزة في مسابقة الإمام العسكري (عليه السلام)
قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر مجموعة قصصية بعنوان (قلوب بلا مأوى)
قسم الشؤون الفكرية يصدر مجموعة قصصية بعنوان (قلوب بلا مأوى)
