المرجع الالكتروني للمعلوماتية
المرجع الألكتروني للمعلوماتية

English Language
عدد المواضيع في هذا القسم 6109 موضوعاً
Grammar
Linguistics
Reading Comprehension

Untitled Document
أبحث عن شيء أخر
تربية الماشية في روسيا الفيدرالية
2024-11-06
تربية ماشية اللبن في البلاد الأفريقية
2024-11-06
تربية الماشية في جمهورية مصر العربية
2024-11-06
The structure of the tone-unit
2024-11-06
IIntonation The tone-unit
2024-11-06
Tones on other words
2024-11-06

Steiner Tree
8-5-2022
The Hammond Postulate
18-5-2017
المقصود من كلمة «اُمّة»
20-10-2014
ضمان الرقابة المتبادلة بين جهتي الاتهام والتحقيق والحفاظ على ضمان الحرية
11-5-2017
Case Properties Of Subjects
16/11/2022
المفهوم السلطوي للخبر
29-12-2022

Phrase structure rules  
  
1789   02:38 صباحاً   date: 17-2-2022
Author : George Yule
Book or Source : The study of language
Page and Part : 102-8


Read More
Date: 2023-10-25 497
Date: 2023-07-18 762
Date: 2023-05-06 699

Phrase structure rules

 When we use a tree diagram format, we can think of it in two different ways. In one way, we can simply treat it as a static representation of the structure of the sentence shown at the bottom of the diagram. We could then propose that, for every single sentence in English, a tree diagram of this type could be drawn. An alternative view is to treat the tree diagram as a dynamic format, in the sense that it represents a way of generating not only that one sentence, but a very large number of other sentences with similar structures.

This second approach is very appealing because it would enable us to generate a very large number of sentences with what look like a very small number of rules. These rules are called phrase structure rules. As the name suggests, these rules state that the structure of a phrase of a specific type will consist of one or more constituents in a particular order. We can use phrase structure rules to present the information of the tree diagram in another format. That is, the information shown in the tree diagram on the left can be expressed in the phrase structure rule on the right.

According to this rule, “a noun phrase rewrites as an article followed by a noun.” The first rule in the following set of simple (and necessarily incomplete) phrase structure rules states that “a sentence rewrites as a noun phrase and a verb phrase.” The second rule states that “a noun phrase rewrites as either an article plus an optional adjective plus a noun, or a pronoun, or a proper noun.” The other rules follow a similar pattern.