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قم بتسجيل الدخول اولاً لكي يتسنى لك الاعجاب والتعليق.

The detransitivizing prefix

المؤلف:  SPIKE GILDEA

المصدر:  RECONSTRUCTING GRAMMAR

الجزء والصفحة:  C6-P217

2026-09-03

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The detransitivizing prefix

It is, at first sight, very difficult to imagine a functionally plausible origin for the two categories of intransitive verbs in Cariban languages, given their apparent lack of semantic coherence. However, a closer inspection of the verbal morphology of these languages soon reveals a good candidate for the lead role in the history of the Cariban split-S system: the detransitivizing prefix.

The Cariban detransitivizer is a small prefix with many allomorphs, some of which appear to be lexically conditioned. A reflex is found in every Cariban language, which implies that the morpheme must be reconstructed to Proto-Carib (though its specific phonological shape is still unclear). Its main function is to derive an intransitive verb stem from a transitive verb stem. Although the most frequent meaning of the resulting intransitive verb is reflexive/reciprocal, other meanings are well attested, as will be seen below.

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