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Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome

المؤلف:  Norman, A. W., & Henry, H. L.

المصدر:  Hormones

الجزء والصفحة:  3rd edition , p169

2026-07-21

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The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome was first described in 1955 by Drs. Zollinger and Ellison, who described two patients. It is characterized by an advanced ulcer disease of the upper gastrointestinal tract (the duodenum), with hypersecretion of gastric acid, and non-beta islet cell tumors of the pancreas islets. The principal symptoms include the following: abdominal pain, nausea, heart burn, chronic diarrhea, vomiting blood that has been digested, and malnourishment. The Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZES) may occur intermittently or as part of an autosomal dominant familial syndrome termed multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 1 (MEN-1).

Most patients are diagnosed between the ages of 20 and 50. The male to female ratio ranges between 1.5:1 and 2:1. The annual occurrence is estimated at 1–2 cases per million adults. It is estimated that ~1% of operative cases of peptic ulcer disease are individuals with Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. The syndrome results from the release of large quantities of gastrin by the pancreatic islet tumors, probably D cells. This then results in increased secretion of HCl by the parietal cells of the stomach.