Type of test Blood

Normal findings

Test explanation and related physiology

 LH and FSH are glycoproteins that are produced in the anterior pituitary gland. These two hormones then act on the ovary or testes. Spot urine tests for LH have become very useful in the evaluation and treatment of infertility. Because LH is rap idly excreted into the urine, the plasma LH surge that precedes ovulation by 24 hours can be recognized quickly and easily. This is used to indicate the period when a woman is the most fertile. The best time to obtain a urine specimen is between 11 am and 3 pm. Usually, the woman begins to test her urine on the 10th day after the onset of her menses and continues to do so daily. Home kits in which a color change as an endpoint are used to make this process more convenient.

These hormones are used in the evaluation of infertility. Performing an LH assay is an easy way to determine whether ovulation has occurred. An LH surge in blood levels indicates that ovulation has taken place. Daily samples of serum LH around the woman’s midcycle can detect the LH surge, which is believed to occur on the day of maximal fertility.

A more accurate method to evaluate ovarian function is by ovarian reserve testing. A commonly used test is the Clomiphene (Clomid) Challenge Test (CCCT). In this test, clomiphene is administered on days 5 to 9 of a woman’s menstrual cycle. FSH levels are expected to rise significantly and then fall consider ably by day 10 of the menstrual cycle. Persistently elevated levels indicate poor ovarian reserve and predict a reduced chance of pregnancy.

Interfering factors

• Patients with hCG-producing tumors and hypothyroid patients may have falsely high LH levels.

* Drugs that may increase LH levels include anticonvulsants, clomiphene, naloxone, and spironolactone.

* Drugs that may decrease LH levels include digoxin, estrogens, oral contraceptives, phenothiazines, progesterones, and testosterone.

Procedure and patient care

 • See inside front cover for Routine Blood Testing.

 • Fasting: no

• Blood tube commonly used: red

• Note that the patient may also perform LH assays at home using a home urine test or a 24-hour urine test.

• Indicate the date of the last menstrual period on the laboratory slip. Note if the woman is postmenopausal.

 Abnormal findings

 Increased levels

- Menopause

- Ovarian dysgenesis (Turner syndrome)

- Testicular dysgenesis (Klinefelter syndrome)

- Castration

- Anorchia

- Hypogonadism

- Polycystic ovaries

- Complete testicular feminization syndrome

- Precocious puberty

- Pituitary adenoma

Decreased levels

- Pituitary failure

- Hypothalamic failure

- Stress

- Anorexia nervosa

- Malnutrition

اخر الاخبار

اخبار العتبة العباسية المقدسة

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العتبة العباسية المقدسة تستذكر تضحيات القاسم بن الحسن (عليهما السلام)

شعبة الحرم الشريف تواصل تنفيذ خطتها الخاصة بشهر المحرّم داخل مرقد أبي الفضل العباس (عليه السلام)

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مواضيع ذات صلة

Magnesium

lyme disease test

liquid biopsy (Fluid biopsy, Fluid phase biopsy)

lipoproteins (High-density lipoproteins [HDLs, HDL-C], Low density lipoproteins [LDLs, LDL-C], Very-low-density lipoproteins [VLDLs], Lipoprotein electrophoresis, Lipoprotein phenotyping, Lipid fractionation, Non-HDL cholesterol, Lipid profile)

lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2 PLAC test)

Hemolytic Anemias

Sickle Cell Anemia (Hemoglobinopathy S, Sickle Cell Disease)

Laboratory Diagnosis (Phenotypic) of Thalassemias

Pathophysiological and General Clinical Aspects of β-thalassemias

lipase (Pancreatic lipase, Lipoprotein lipase)

leucine aminopeptidase (LAP)

Legionnaires disease antibody test